Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid (OCP)

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid affects the conjunctiva, the thin membrane lining the eye and inner lids, and is considered a subtype of the broader condition mucous membrane pemphigoid. Antibodies and immune complexes are thought to target the basement membrane beneath the conjunctival surface, drawing in inflammatory cells and triggering fibrogenic growth factors that drive progressive scarring.

It is a rare disease that mainly affects older adults, with a 2019 cohort study and literature review reporting an average age at diagnosis in the mid-70s and involvement of the mouth or skin in a meaningful share of cases alongside the eyes. Because the scarring can progress and threaten the cornea and vision, it needs prompt and ongoing specialist care, typically with immunosuppressive treatment aimed at slowing the inflammatory process.

Common signs

Chronic or recurring red, irritated eyes, burning, tearing, mucus, dryness, and light sensitivity. Over time, scarring can pull the lids and lashes inward and harm the cornea.

This is a plain-language summary for orientation, not a diagnosis. Mechanisms are described as current understanding, not settled fact. Work with your own clinician for your care.